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 A 4 year fight for "ARV"
 A fight on Drug Patent
ddI
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Part I
Part II
 

 

 

 

The Drug Patent fight: the ddI case

 

One important barrier to accessing medication is the drug monopolies created by international pharmaceutical companies. In 1999 Thai PLWHAs tackled this issue and demonstrated in front of the MOPH to request for a compulsory license to allow the GPO to make generic versions of the ARV, didanosine (ddI). The PLWHA network initiated the ddI case as a test case as ddI was one of the medications that were included in many regimes needed by PWLHAs. In addition there was evidence to show that the ddI patent that pharmaceutical company, Bristol Myer Squibb (BMS) was holding in Thailand was unlikely to be legal. Despite the PLWHA movement, the Thai government refused to exercise its rights to issue a compulsory license. Instead of producing a generic ddI tablet the GPO produced and distributed ddI in powder form as this was not under patent.

Later, TNP+ and their alliance filed a law suit in Thailand’s Central Intellectual Property Court in an attempt to invalidate BMS’s patent on ddI (more details in box). Finally, BMS negotiated to end the case by revoking the patent on ddI in Thailand, which invalidated the patent of ddI in tablet form in Thailand.

The success of the movement lead to a reduction in the monopoly created by international pharmaceutical companies and allowed medicine to be produced in the country at an affordable price. This enabled more PLWHAs to access ARV. However, many types of ARV are still costly and will become a problem for PLWHAs that need to change to a new regimen due to drug resistance. With the current prices of second line medication, access will be limited. The fight against costly drugs still has a long way to go. We therefore need to continue to fight patent issues.              

 

Summary of the suite to revoke the ddI patent

The Thai Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS (TNP+), AIDS ACCESS Foundation and the Thai Foundation for Consumers with representation from the Thai Law Society filed a law suit on May 9, 2001 with Thailand’s Court for Intellectual Property Rights and International Trade. The plaintiff claimed that the patent registration of ddI held by BMS was invalid due to BMS illegally amending its original application in order to claim a wider monopoly than the patent description justified- the original application was only for a 5-100 milligram dose.

On October 1, 2002, TNP+ won the case in Thailand's Central Intellectual Property and International Trade Court (CIPITC). The court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. BMS and the Department of Intellectual Property as a co-defender were ordered to amend patent # 7600 to identify the range of ddI as 5-100 milligram in accordance with its original registration. Later, BMS and DIP appealed the case.

On October 9, 2002, another group of plaintiffs filed a case with CIPITC, asking the court to revoke the BMS patent on ddI tablets in Thailand. In the mean time, they requested the court to allow other manufacturers to produce ddI during the time the case was being heard. The network and its allies from all over the world sent letters to the GPO and MOPH to call for the GPO to a file a suit against BMS. Finally, the MOPH ordered the GPO to be a plaintiff in the law suit against BMS.

In January 2004, BMS negotiated to end the case in Thailand by revoking its patent # 7600 on the condition that it would withdraw the appeal on the first case and that TNP+ and the Thai Consumer Foundation withdraw the second case. Finally, there would no longer be a patent on ddI in Thailand after BMS submitted a request to DPI to revoke the patent.
 
The Thai Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS (TNP+)
494 Soi Nakronthai 11 Ladprao 101 Klong Jun Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240 Thailand
Tel. (66)2377-5065 Fax (66) 2377-9719 E-mail : tnpth@thaiplus.net